Shift workers 'risking' diabetes

Shift workers getting too little sleep at the wrong time of day may be increasing their risk of diabetes and obesity, according to researchers.

The team is calling for more measures to reduce the impact of shift working following the results of its study.

Researchers controlled the lives of 21 people, including meal and bedtimes.

The results, published in Science Translational Medicine, showed changes to normal sleep meant the body struggled to control sugar levels.

Some participants even developed early symptoms of diabetes within weeks.

Shift work has been associated with a host of health problems.

Doctors at Brigham and Women's Hospital, in the US, were trying to study its effects in a controlled environment.

Lower insulin levels

The 21 health-trial participants started with 10 hours' sleep at night. This was followed by three weeks of disruption to their sleep and body clocks.

Continue reading the main story

?Start Quote

The evidence is clear that getting enough sleep is important for health, and that sleep should be at night for best effect?

End Quote Dr Orfeu Buxton Brigham and Women's Hospital

The length of the day was extended to 28 hours, creating an effect similar to a full-time flyer constantly getting jet lag.

Participants were allowed only 6.5 hours' sleep in the new 28-hour day, equivalent to 5.6 hours in a normal day. They also lived in dim light to prevent normal light resetting the body clock.

During this part of the study, sugar levels in the blood were "significantly increased" immediately after a meal and during "fasting" parts of the day.

The researchers showed that the hormone that lower levels of insulin - the hormone that normally controls blood sugar - were produced.

Three of the participants had sugar levels which stayed so high after their meals they were classified as "pre-diabetic".

They also highlighted a risk of putting on weight as the body slowed down.

"The 8% drop in resting metabolic rate that we measured in our participants... translates into a 12.5-pound increase in weight over a single year," they wrote.

Continue reading the main story

?Start Quote

Clearly, this does not equate to the normal experience of shift workers... it is not possible to conclude that the findings would translate to real conditions in the wider public?

End Quote Dr Matthew Hobbs Diabetes UK

Lead researcher Dr Orfeu Buxton said: "We think these results support the findings from studies showing that, in people with a pre-diabetic condition, shift workers who stay awake at night are much more likely to progress to full-on diabetes than day workers.

"Since night workers often have a hard time sleeping during the day, they can face both circadian [body clock] disruption working at night and insufficient sleep during the day.

"The evidence is clear that getting enough sleep is important for health, and that sleep should be at night for best effect."

The research group called for more efforts to reduce the health impact of shift working.

Artificial world

Dr Matthew Hobbs, head of research at Diabetes UK, said: "This is an interesting study which shows that under extreme conditions involving sleep deprivation and 'tricking' the body clock, participants produced less insulin and therefore had higher blood glucose levels then when they were able to sleep normally and live according to normal daily rhythms."

He cautioned that the laboratory conditions were not the same as working nights.

"Clearly, this does not equate to the normal experience of shift workers who are able, for example, to use bright lights when not sleeping.

"The study also involved only 21 people. For these reasons, it is not possible to conclude that the findings would translate to real conditions in the wider public."

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Daily Business News - MH Marketing Sales Management

MHProNews.com has learned from Calgary, Alberta, Canada Okaply Industries has opened a new factory in Calgary. Based in Oka, Quebec, just north of Montreal, Okaply manufactures pre-finished gypsum, MDF, plywood, particleboard, shelving and moulding for the manufactured and modular housing industries. The company services clients in Canada, parts of the U.S., Chile, Argentina, and Peru. In business for 46 years, HoustonChronicle says the company also purchased robotic feeds for their lamination production lines in Okla and in Calgary. Company president Craig Starke says, ?We are one of the companies in the supply chain that is benefiting from the rise in commodity prices for raw materials such as oil, and precious metals. Setting up shop in Calgary is part of our plan to be closer to our customers and grow our business.?

Photo credit: PRWeb/HC)

Categories: Business, Canada, Company News, Factory-Built Homes, Manufactured Homes, Modular, News Item Tags: calgary alberta canada, calgary company, canadian component, commodity prices, company president, component manufacturer, gypsum, modular housing, montreal, moulding, oka quebec, peru, plywood, precious metals, president craig, raw materials, s chile, services clients, shelving, supply chain

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Do I look bigger with my finger on a trigger? Yes, says study

ScienceDaily (Apr. 11, 2012) ? UCLA anthropologists asked hundreds of Americans to guess the size and muscularity of four men based solely on photographs of their hands holding a range of easily recognizable objects, including handguns.

The research, which publishes April 11 in the scholarly journal PLoS ONE, confirms what scrawny thugs have long known: Brandishing a weapon makes a man appear bigger and stronger than he would otherwise.

"There's nothing about the knowledge that gun powder makes lead bullets fly through the air at damage-causing speeds that should make you think that a gun-bearer is bigger or stronger, yet you do," said Daniel Fessler, the lead author of the study and an associate professor of anthropology at UCLA. "Danger really does loom large -- in our minds."

Researchers say the findings suggest an unconscious mental mechanism that gauges a potential adversary and then translates the magnitude of that threat into the same dimensions used by animals to size up their adversaries: size and strength.

"We've isolated a capacity to assess threats in a simple way," said Colin Holbrook, a UCLA postdoctoral scholar in anthropology and co-author of the study. "Though this capacity is very efficient, it can misguide us."

The study is part of larger project funded by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research to understand how people make decisions in situations where violent conflict is a possibility. The findings are expected to have ramifications for law enforcement, prison guards and the military.

"We're exploring how people think about the relative likelihood that they will win a conflict, and then how those thoughts affect their decisions about whether to enter into conflict," said Fessler, whose research focuses on the biological and cultural bases of human behavior. He is the director of UCLA's Center for Behavior, Evolution and Culture, an interdisciplinary group of researchers who explore how various forms of evolution shape behavior.

For the study, the UCLA researchers recruited participants in multiple rounds using classified advertisements on the websites Craigslist and MechanicalTurk. In one round, 628 individuals were asked to look at four pictures of different hands, each holding a single object: a caulking gun, electric drill, large saw or handgun.

"Tools were used as control objects to rule out the possibility that a simple link with traditionally masculine objects would explain intuitions that the weapon-holders were larger and stronger," Fessler explained.

The individuals were then asked to estimate the height of each hand model in feet and inches based solely on the photographs of their hands. Participants also were shown six images of progressively taller men and six images of progressively more muscular men and asked to estimate which image came closest to the probable size and strength of the hand model.

Study participants consistently judged pistol-packers to be taller and stronger than the men holding the other objects, even though the experiment's four hand models were recruited on the basis of their equivalent hand size and similar hand appearance (white and without identifying marks such as tattoos or scars).

To rule out the possibility that a feature of any one hand might influence the estimates, researchers had taken separate pictures of each hand holding each object -- some participants saw the gun held by one hand model, others saw the same gun held by another model, and so on; they did the same thing for each of the objects. The researchers also shuffled the order in which the photos were presented.

On average, participants judged pistol packers to be 17 percent taller and stronger than those judged to be the smallest and weakest men -- the ones holding caulking guns. Hand models holding the saw and drill followed gun-wielders in size and strength.

"The function of the system is to provide an easy way for people to assess the likelihood that they would win or lose in a conflict," said Jeffrey K. Snyder, a UCLA graduate student in anthropology and a study co-author.

Concerned that their findings might be influenced by popular culture, which often depicts gun-slingers as big and strong men, the team conducted two more studies using objects that did not seem to have a macho image: a kitchen knife, a paint brush and a large, brightly colored toy squirt gun. In the initial round, a new group of 100 subjects was asked to evaluate the danger posed by each of the objects (which were presented alone, without hands holding them). They then were asked to pick the type of person most associated with the object: a child, a woman or a man.

Not surprisingly, individuals rated the knife most dangerous, followed by the paint brush and squirt gun. But where the most lethal object in the earlier studies -- the handgun -- would likely have been associated with men, participants in this study most often associated the most lethal object -- the kitchen knife -- with women. The paint brush was most often associated with men, and the squirt gun with children.

In the final round of tests, a new group of 541 individuals was shown male hands holding the knife, paint brush and squirt gun and was then asked to estimate the height and muscularity of the hand models. Once again, men holding the most lethal object -- in this case, the kitchen knife -- were judged to be the biggest and strongest, followed by those holding the paint brush and the squirt gun.

"It's not Dirty Harry's or Rambo's handgun -- it's just a kitchen knife, but it's still deadly," Holbrook said. "And our study subjects responded accordingly, estimating its holder to be bigger and stronger than the rest."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Los Angeles. The original article was written by Meg Sullivan.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Daniel M. T. Fessler, Colin Holbrook, Jeffrey K. Snyder. Weapons Make the Man (Larger): Formidability Is Represented as Size and Strength in Humans. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7 (4): e32751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032751

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

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Studies on resistance against influenza

[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 11-Apr-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Anika Agebjrn
anika.agebjorn@liu.se
46-709-791-334
Linkping University

There is a connection between age and susceptibility to the influenza virus. It can't be explained by frailty in general, because it is not obvious that very small children and the very old are the biggest risk groups. In a study of the connection between age and the risk of suffering from the flu, Timpka and his colleagues show that the 2009 swine flu affected age groups 10-19 and 20-29 the worst.

They studied how five different influenza epidemics struck in stergtland County of East Sweden between 2005 and 2010. Except for the swine flu, they were all what are known as seasonal flu. The difference in those taken sick among age groups varies up to ten times in certain cases, they state, for example, with swine flu. 2.3 cases per thousand inhabitants were diagnosed in the 10-19 age group, compared with 0.2 cases per thousand in the 70 and older age group. This was before they were able to start up the vaccinations.

For all five outbreaks, the risk of falling ill was greatest in the 30-39 age group, and least for those aged 70 and over. The researchers, however, point out that this data should be interpreted carefully, since many of the elderly are regularly vaccinated against seasonal influenza. On the other hand, their study does not support the hypothesis that school children are a bigger risk group in general.

However, Timpka says, it's clear that the risk of being infected by the flu is equally great in various age groups, and he wants to study theories as to why:

"One hypothesis is that the first influenza infection you get in your life affects your immune system. This means that your immune system learns to react to one category of influenza, but has a poorer defence against other types. This is one of the theories we want to study."

Which type of flu you suffer from as a child should thus be able to affect your immune system for the rest of your life.

The body has two types of defences against infections, Timpka explains. On the one hand antibodies, which are formed as a response to an infection and then remain, make us less susceptible to an infection of that type. Antibodies thus cannot help up the first time we suffer from an infection. However the second defence type, T-cells, can; they're released immediately once the body is infected and they kill off the virus.

"Very small children have their mother's antibodies. The most vulnerable group is children between the ages of one and three; they still lack their own antibodies. As a rule, they develop them in some form later."

With the help of the unique ABIS register (Alla Barn i Sydstra Sverige, All Children in South-east Sweden), Timpka and his colleagues want to study which antibodies against various types of influenza are found in children. In ABIS, there are blood tests from most of the children born in the region between October 1997 and October 1999, a total of over 17,000 children. The researchers want to follow a selection of these children up to the age of 16, that is, through 2015 at the latest. They hope to see the first results in 2013.

"Today we know very little about immunity in children against influenza and flu-like illnesses. This is knowledge that's necessary, especially to better plan future vaccination programmes," Timpka says.

As he points out in his project description, the dearth of knowledge is painfully obvious in the wake of the 2009 mass vaccinations and the cases of narcolepsy it gave rise to.

###

Article:

Age as a Determinant for Dissemination of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza: An Open Cohort Study of Influenza Outbreaks in stergtland County, Sweden by Timpka T, Eriksson O, Spreco A, Gursky EA, Strmgren M, et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7(2): February 23, 2012



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 11-Apr-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Anika Agebjrn
anika.agebjorn@liu.se
46-709-791-334
Linkping University

There is a connection between age and susceptibility to the influenza virus. It can't be explained by frailty in general, because it is not obvious that very small children and the very old are the biggest risk groups. In a study of the connection between age and the risk of suffering from the flu, Timpka and his colleagues show that the 2009 swine flu affected age groups 10-19 and 20-29 the worst.

They studied how five different influenza epidemics struck in stergtland County of East Sweden between 2005 and 2010. Except for the swine flu, they were all what are known as seasonal flu. The difference in those taken sick among age groups varies up to ten times in certain cases, they state, for example, with swine flu. 2.3 cases per thousand inhabitants were diagnosed in the 10-19 age group, compared with 0.2 cases per thousand in the 70 and older age group. This was before they were able to start up the vaccinations.

For all five outbreaks, the risk of falling ill was greatest in the 30-39 age group, and least for those aged 70 and over. The researchers, however, point out that this data should be interpreted carefully, since many of the elderly are regularly vaccinated against seasonal influenza. On the other hand, their study does not support the hypothesis that school children are a bigger risk group in general.

However, Timpka says, it's clear that the risk of being infected by the flu is equally great in various age groups, and he wants to study theories as to why:

"One hypothesis is that the first influenza infection you get in your life affects your immune system. This means that your immune system learns to react to one category of influenza, but has a poorer defence against other types. This is one of the theories we want to study."

Which type of flu you suffer from as a child should thus be able to affect your immune system for the rest of your life.

The body has two types of defences against infections, Timpka explains. On the one hand antibodies, which are formed as a response to an infection and then remain, make us less susceptible to an infection of that type. Antibodies thus cannot help up the first time we suffer from an infection. However the second defence type, T-cells, can; they're released immediately once the body is infected and they kill off the virus.

"Very small children have their mother's antibodies. The most vulnerable group is children between the ages of one and three; they still lack their own antibodies. As a rule, they develop them in some form later."

With the help of the unique ABIS register (Alla Barn i Sydstra Sverige, All Children in South-east Sweden), Timpka and his colleagues want to study which antibodies against various types of influenza are found in children. In ABIS, there are blood tests from most of the children born in the region between October 1997 and October 1999, a total of over 17,000 children. The researchers want to follow a selection of these children up to the age of 16, that is, through 2015 at the latest. They hope to see the first results in 2013.

"Today we know very little about immunity in children against influenza and flu-like illnesses. This is knowledge that's necessary, especially to better plan future vaccination programmes," Timpka says.

As he points out in his project description, the dearth of knowledge is painfully obvious in the wake of the 2009 mass vaccinations and the cases of narcolepsy it gave rise to.

###

Article:

Age as a Determinant for Dissemination of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza: An Open Cohort Study of Influenza Outbreaks in stergtland County, Sweden by Timpka T, Eriksson O, Spreco A, Gursky EA, Strmgren M, et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7(2): February 23, 2012



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


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Gaikai brings its cloud gaming to Facebook, launches beta application

Gaikai brings its cloud gaming to Facebook, launches beta application
Gaikai's certainly grown leaps and bounds since its early days, and today the cloud gaming firm takes another step by joining the largest social networking platform on the globe. For starters, this first beta of Gaikai's Facebook application is available to North American / European gamers, offering support for browsers such as Internet Explorer, Chrome, Safari and Firefox on Windows, OS X or Linux machines. Gamers who've fiddled around with the outfit's previous betas or Walmart's Gaikai powered Gamecenter will know the drill: streaming game demos in the frame of your web browser.

Ready to try before you buy? The setup is serving up samples of Saints Row: The Third, Dead Rising 2, Magicka, Sniper: Ghost Warrior, The Witcher 2, Orcs Must Die! and Farming Simulator 2011. Gaikai CEO and co-founder David Perry told us that while the outfit's current Facebook rigging is still centered around demos, it's primed to push full titles if and when a publisher requests it. "Our goal is to get games as accessible as movies and music," he told us "so games get the chance to compete." Gaikai v1.0 is live on Zuck's site now, so click the source link below, pop in your Facebook credentials and you should be all set.

Sean Buckley contributed to this post.

Continue reading Gaikai brings its cloud gaming to Facebook, launches beta application

Gaikai brings its cloud gaming to Facebook, launches beta application originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 11 Apr 2012 10:00:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

Permalink   |  sourceFacebook (Gaikai)  | Email this | Comments

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Herbal remedy blamed for high cancer rate in Taiwan: study

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Promote Your Business Online Efficiently Using These Ideas ...

Posted by Guest Author on April 10th, 2012

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Voip Voice Gateway Leading Life Science And Technology ...

Voip Voice Gateway Leading Life Science And Technology Solutions

Many medium and large enterprises huge monthly long distance expenses. Currently, companies can use IP Phone Cards Means of saving the bill, but because of its long identification and password authentication, and even redial are very troublesome, making it difficult to popularize in the enterprise, but also to pay a large percentage of local phone calls. Against which I introduced a new type of IP phone gateway, solve these problems, enabling businesses to easily and conveniently save long distance charges.

First, what is VOIP? VOIP is Voice OverIP, is to convert voice or fax data, together with the data and then share the same IP Network (Internet internet). As the voice and fax ride for free in the Internet on a ?ride?, so point to point (gateway ? Gateway) long distance (international or domestic) Communication Is completely free.

Now has no long-distance phone companies must relay, as long as using VOIP Technology , You can use the IP network into the adapter.

IP network can be Internet, I PLC (International line), Wireless Network Contact, etc., as long as the IP protocol is used (Internet Protocol) on it. The VOIP system is the traditional telephone network and the Internet mix and match together.

Works (Figure 1) Second, why the establishment of companies and enterprises to VOIP communications network?

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Function display (Figure 2) And the public through VO IP Voice Gateway Features: ?-

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3, stable support for fax VOIP Gateway

and the public through its own R & D by the latest data processing technology, solves the VOIP industry is generally not stable to support fax problems. VOIP gateway to make and the public through a VOIP industry best gateways to support fax, stable support for more than 30 consecutive fax, high-definition.

4, multi-line calls at the same time

Take up very little bandwidth, only occupy a common bandwidth (such as ADSL, TV Broadband) will support the 16 lines while working (call, fax); In the case of routing Sharer The form of shared access, just take up Hubs ( Switch ) Of a port can support 16 lines while working (call, fax).

5, quickly build internal telephone network

This product features both a telephone PBX, can be quickly and easily build enterprise internal telephone communication network.

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Just What Is The Reason For Environmentally Friendly Energy?

In this particular overall economy, every house operator may benefit from becoming frugal, and using eco-friendly power is a wonderful way to accomplish this. Read on for a few great tips on how you can transform the regular modern technology in your house to greener vitality, enjoy greater savings with your out-of-wallet expenses, and minimize your influence on environmental surroundings.

Use the all natural sunlight for excellent natural vitality savings. Install solar tubes at home which take the light from out-of-doors and bring it indoors so that you do not need to use lights as well as other lighting effects places as frequently. These are typically relatively affordable and are ideal for improving the value of your house.

Swap your furnace with one that has got the Power Star seal on it. It will save you 15 to 20 percent on your own calendar month energy costs if you buy a highly efficient furnace. You may also get yourself a federal taxes credit rating that can help include the cost of your brand-new furnace!

Consider using reduced rinse cycles whenever you are washing foods having a dishwasher. In case you pre-rinse your dishes before, which is generally encouraged, you are able to minimize the amount of time your dish washer operates, saving plenty of energy with time. Not just can it conserve power, however it will decrease your power bill as well.

Incorporate solar power light tubes to your residence. It is a three part method that can give darkish rooms usage of all-natural sunshine. This could make your areas more attractive, and save a little money over the need to constantly use electric power to light the space. These are listed minimally and relatively easy to setup.

Now you should be nicely prepared to set up in regards to the project of turning your property in to a eco-friendly power machine! Try out a number of the tips featured in this article these days, to start out spending less and sensing better about on your own and the way you happen to be preserving the assets from the earth,as well as, always keeping it cleaner!

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Whisper it, debt tax relief is up for debate

William Hutchings

William Hutchings

09 Apr 2012

Sources close to Number 10 Downing Street, the UK prime minister?s office, have raised the possibility of the UK government reducing or even abolishing the tax-deductibility of corporate interest payments.

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